It turns out that not a lot of people attempt to program against the AWS REST API in C. I discovered this the hard way when I needed to do it.
You’d have thought that there would be some libraries for it; turns out that this isn’t the case.
libs3 is one but it isn’t particularly general purpose. And S3 turns out to be surprisingly unlike EC2 and other services. Also, Amazon’s own documentation is surprisingly bad.
So if you end up here because you want to interact with AWS in C, the tips below may help you.
I used libcurl; I’m sure you could do the same thing some other way …
The trick is in computing the signature of the request.
Assume that you want to execute the DescribeInstances API call.
You need to construct a signing request which must basically include an unambiguous representation of the API request. Since you may have many parameters to the API request, you must sort the parameters into alphabetical order first.
1. Construct the timestamp this way:
411 static char * __aws_api_get_timestamp (char * buffer, int sz)
412 {
413 time_t t = time(NULL);
414 struct tm * gmttime = gmtime (&t);
415
416 strftime (buffer, sz, "%FT%H:%M:%SZ", gmttime);
417 return buffer;
418 }
2. Every signing request must have 5 AUTHPARAMS; the documentation talks about 4 but there are 5 …
Version: This is the API Version. I've used 2013-08-15 SignatureVersion: I use 2 SignatureMethod: I use HmacSHA256 Timestamp: As computed above. AWSAccessKeyId: Your AWS Access Key
While it isn’t an AUTHPARAM, you also need the Action in a signing request. That is the API name.
3. Construct the signing request.
The signing request takes the following format.
%sn%sn%sn%s
where the four strings are (in order)
(a) The submission method (POST or GET)
(b) The endpoint
(c) The path
(d) The request URL.
So, for my DescribeInstances request, the signing request is.
POSTnec2.amazonaws.comn/nAWSAccessKeyId=AKIVP30P3L0A5NKGTIQ&Action=DescribeInstances&SignatureMethod=HmacSHA256&SignatureVersion=2&Timestamp=2013-10-13T20%3A55%3A06Z&Version=2013-08-15
Note that the method is POST.
The end point is ec2.amazonaws.com
The path is “/”
The request with the sorted attributes starts with my AWSAccessKeyId (no, that’s not my access key …) the Action which is DescribeInstances, and the other AUTHPARAMS.
Note that the string was escaped the way a URL would be escaped; you can see that in the timestamp.
You can now compute the signature for this; I used HMAC. Once you compute the signature for the request, you base64 encode the signature.
4. Construct the Request URL
This is nothing more than the request URL in the signing request with the base64 encoded signature tacked on. Of course, there’s no requirement that in the API parameters in the final request URL be alphabetically sorted.
That’s all there is to it!
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